during 191 ~-30. Dim's removal and assassination set off a period of political instability and declining legitimacy of the Saigon government. employers, landlords, friends, and relatives) still provide a major share The Presidential election took place on 3 September 1967, Thiu was elected president with 34% of the vote in a widely criticised poll. a lesson which both confirms and denies some American perceptions about that country during the r l,ht~rs Land Use The railroad system in South Vietnam was built by the French Between Tonkin in the north and Cochinchina in the south was the protectorate (x bo h) of Annam (Trung K), under a French resident superior (khm s). During the hours leading up to the surrender, the United States undertook a massive evacuation of US government personnel as well as high-ranking members of the ARVN and other South Vietnamese who were seen as potential targets for persecution by the Communists. WebThe South Korean economy''s long term challenges include a rapidly aging population, inflexible labor market, and heavy reliance on exports - which comprise half of GDP. about 700,000 hectares and applications had been approval I'or an Most resources arc devoted to WARNING 1. Approved For Release 2000/Ol~,~,~~T~0875R001500200009-1 4000 0.1 Witll more 0,3 148,7 After two clashes that left 55 South Vietnamese soldiers dead, President Thiu announced on 4 January 1974 that the war had restarted and that the Paris Peace Accord was no longer in effect. 426 output. 234 Income from other family members of Total An elected constituent assembly including representatives of all the branches of the military decided to switch the nation's system of government to a semi-presidential system. Increased local procurement by Vietnamese and The retreat became a rout exacerbated by poor planning and conflicting orders from Thiu. North Vietnam launched a conventional invasion of South Vietnam in late March 1972 which was only finally repulsed by October with massive US air support. Manufacturing consists primarily of small-scale consumer Sub-sectors of the digital economy such as e-commerce, digital banking, and online gaming represent nascent and high-growth areas of consumer demand that investors could target. An COr l F ~F~'TiAT . US?flnencod Import propremc, and orollfs Irom lorolpn oxchonpo Irenaectlona. 21. Approved For Release 200~~~I~~~'~T00875R001500200009-1 He was re-elected unopposed in 1971, receiving a suspiciously high 94% of the vote on an 87% turn-out. A gas pipeline would be built from North Vietnam to the Vit Cng provisional capital in Lc Ninh, about 60mi (97km) north of Saigon. registrations, which climbed from 37,000 in 1966 to 90,000 in 1970. however, cause the postponement of the spending of most of these Ninh . This was known as the "Bo i Solution". 715.2 1,045.4 . As a leading international bank, we will strive to support Vietnams sustainable recovery and growth in 2023 and the years to come, she added. _' Most of the data included in this handbook are unclassified and are based on Coal has fuelled Vietnams recent economic development. 2. H NI ngy 13 thng 1 nm 2022 Kinh t Vit Nam s tng tc trong nm 2022 vi tng trng GDP d bo tng ln 5,5% so vi 2,6% nm 2021, theo bo co im li Cp nht tnh hnh kinh t Vit Nam ca Ngn hng Th gii. Tkvusrrud Mclrlr Tvns civilian government employment, which I~as roughly doubled since 1964. Its aircraft inventory consists Foreign Relations of the United States Guide to Sources on Vietnam, 1969-1975. Approved For Release 200~1~~I~~'~'~T00875R001500200009-1 Not surprisingly, that this fact is significant in the economy: south Vietnam growth engine, and boasts the lower unemployment and the higher average wage. Throughout this period, the level of US aid and political support increased. 321 4G Not only did an implausible 98% vote in favor of deposing Bo i, but over 380,000 more votes were cast than the total number of registered voters; in Saigon, for instance, Dim was credited with 133% of the vote. In Vietnam, there are around 400 industrial estates concentrated in the north, central and south economic zones. freighters of more than 1,000 deadweight tons. 8. Decreases in cultivated area and dislocation of the farm labor force 1 15.5 Kien~ 19. "[20] The report, later excerpted in The Pentagon Papers, continued: The Dim government lost support among the populace, and from the Kennedy administration, due to its repression of Buddhists and military defeats by the Vit Cng. The regular North Vietnamese army and Vit-Cng auxiliaries launched a major second combined-arms conventional invasion in 1975. Land reform was regarded by the US as a crucial step to build support for the nascent South Vietnamese government and undermine communist propaganda. failed to keep pace with rising prices. Rice marketing, for example, is Categories may be directed the Office of Economic Research, 25X1 A War requirements spurred development of air transport. annual rice output, and the major harvest occurs during December-January. In 1955, Prime Minister Ng nh Dim held a referendum to decide whether the State of Vietnam would remain a monarchy or become a republic. Webthe economy of South Vietnam during the course of the war or to relate economic issues to the outcome. Furt By 1964, civil rights activists and independent organizations of the indigenous peoples, including Cham organizations, had been merged into the Front Unifie de Lutte des Races Opprimees (FULRO), which struggled against both the governments of South Vietnam and the succeeding Socialist Republic of Vietnam until the late 1980s. WebTherefore, I focused on whether there was economic growth, the increase of economy in size or not during Vietnam War, from 1955, when United States first deployed its ground forces in Vietnam, to 1975, when Saigon fell to North Vietnam. Approved For Release 2004j~~~,5T00875R001500200009-1 CrJNFIDENTIAL prejudice against the ethnic Chinese community, the largest and most 4 1965, South Vietnam exported rice, but has since had to import large information released by the South Vietnamese government and the various Almost all non-handi- and Vegetation Military rule initially failed to provide much stability however, as internal conflicts and political inexperience caused various factions of the army to launch coups and counter-coups against one another, making leadership very tumultuous. In 2022, Vietnams economy grew by eight per cent. Private sector Sce CIA ER H 72-2, The Economy of North Vietnam, December 1972, CONFIDENTIAL/NO through the war with little damage. resulted in a decline in agricultural production of about 12~"o duriny~ the peak U.S. financial support drops at 2,000 tons per day. when plant damage from the enemy's Tet offensive caused a sharp decline. 13.4 1. a densely populated flat plan: consisting of the Dong agriculturrl machinery plant shown in I~igurc 7, have come to fruition. 34 assembly plants for farm machinery, radio and television sets, light tntcke, China seized control of the Paracels in 1974 after the South Vietnamese navy attempted an assault on PRC-claimed islands. Today, Vietnam is the 28th largest export economy in the world, exporting $165 billion worth of goods every year. Vietnam is a densely-populated developing country that has been transitioning from the rigidities of a centrally-planned economy since 1986. Commerce Prepared by Edward C. Keefer, John M. Carland, and Bradley L. Coleman. 119.4 Provinco boundary Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 New York: Oxford University Press, 1968. tr 223: "In the circumstances prevailing in 1955 and 1956 anarchy of the Sects and of the retiring Vit Minh in the South, terror campaign of the land reform and resultant peasant uprising round Vinh in the North it was only to be expected that voters would vote, out of fear of reprisals, in favour of the authorities under whom they found themselves; that the ICC had no hope of ensuring a truly free election at that time has been admitted since by the chief sponsor of the Final Declaration, Lord Avon. and Military Regions South Vietnam ranks above other countries of Indochina but significantly Phu puoc 23. Its principal export goods include: broadcasting equipment ($23.8 billion), computers ($7.98 billion), crude petroleum ($6.87 billion), leather footwear ($6 billion), and integrated circuits $4.6 billion). He was unpopular however, largely because monarchical leaders were considered collaborators during French rule and because he had spent his reign absent in France. population is located in urban areas than is true for most other less The growth of demand, fed by massive 5 THE ECONOMY OF SOUTH VIETNAM The remainder consists mainly of paper and paper probably did not increase at all in 1972 because of disruption from the greatly increased urban population lead to be supported largely through 0,1 At the time of signing of the Paris Peace Accords, the South Vietnamese government fielded the fourth largest military force in the world as a result of the American Enhance and Enhance Plus programs with approximately one and one-half million troops in uniform. This referendum was blatantly rigged in favor of a republic. 48.5 Therefore, Vietnamese enterprises need to take appropriate preparatory steps to stay abreast of trends, such as renovating their thinking, changing management methods, and adopting green export strategies. South Vietnam was divided into forty-four provinces: Throughout its history South Vietnam had many reforms enacted that affected the organisation of its administrative divisions. 3G March 1973 The state- owned sector includes most large industrial enterprises, state farms, lumber Currently, the the country than any other mode and carry most of the freight moved by as shown in Table 1. attempts to control the flow of goods throughout the country-and thus by offering general incentives such as devaluations, an attractive investment is relatively abundant and 27. 1971 Cotton fabric 18, sections 793 and 794, of the US Code, as amended. Another significant warlinte development was the tuloplion in 7. Inflation accelerated in December to 4.5% (November 4.4%) as higher price pressures for housing, energy and education more than offset falling transport prices. Some Cham joined the communist NFL, some others joined the Front de Liberation des Hauts Plateaux du Champa. However, some traditional market The State of Vietnam was created through co-operation between anti-communist Vietnamese and the French government on 14 June 1949. 10.1 than 400,000 persons, Da Nang is the second largest city, and there are 193 The oil price shock of October 1973 caused significant damage to the South Vietnamese economy. In addition, nine international flight routes including to the US, Thailand, South Korea, China, and Taiwan have been given the green light to resume commercial flights. On 26 March 1970 the government began to implement the Land-to-the-Tiller program of land reform with the US providing US$339m of the program's US$441m cost. Persene per squero mile 7 result of temporary road interdiction.

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